Dishwashing apparatus



[Mawh 30, l954 J. F. R. KARLSTRM 2,673,761

DISHWASHING APPARATUS Filed April 10, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Y/u f nw' BY 5mm J. F. R. KARLSTRM DIsHwAsHING APPARATUS March 3o, 1954 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 10, 1947 March 30, 1954 J. F. R. KARLsTRM2,673,761

DISHWASHING APPARATUS Filed April 1,0. 1947 s sheets-sheet s .lll

Patented Mar. 30, 1954 DISHWASHIN G APPARATUS Johan Fredrik RobertKarlstrm, Stockholm, Sweden, assigner to Aktiebolaget Elektrolux,Stockholm, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application April 10, 1947,Serial No. 740,585

15 Claims. (Cl. 299-69) This invention relates to dish washing apparatuswherein dishes or the like are cleansed by means of one or more jets ofliquid, the jets being directed towards movable `jet direction-changingmeans, hereinafter termed diverting means.

According to the present invention, in dish washing apparatus of thecharacter described, jet producing means is provided comprising a nozzleadapted to discharge a jet of liquid and jet-diverting devices arrangedso as to be impinged by the liquid jet discharged from said nozzle andmovable transversely of the direction of the nozzle discharge.

Preferably the apparatus, according to the invention, includes aplurality of jet-diverting devices having different deflectingcharacteristics which move in succession transversely of the directionof the nozzle discharge.

The constructions above-mentioned provide the spraying with liquid ofthe articles being treated from a large number of points in the washingreceptacle and further by diiierently directed jets from such points.

The spraying action is increased by making the nozzle opening oropenings and the jet-diverting means movable and preferably rotatable,the relative movements being. preferably obtained by diierent directionsof movement and/or by different angular velocities being imparted to thetwo members. Such relative movement may be simply produced byconstructing and arranging the nozzle openings and the diverting membersas to cause the member containing the openings and said diverting meansto rotate in opposite directions due to the reactive and applied forcesrespectively of the jets.

The invention will beI` hereinafter more fully described with referenceto the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, vin which:

Fig. 1 shows a dish washing machine in transverse section fitted withspraying devices according to the invention at its base and on thecover;

Fig. 2 shows the same machine in horizontal section taken along the lineII--II of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 shows a spraying device according to the invention partly insection along the line III- III of Fig. 4;

Fig. 4 shows the spraying device in plan;

Fig. 5 is a section alongft/he line V--V of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line VIu-VI of Fig.4;V l.

Fig. 7 shows a modification of the detail shown in Fig. 6; Y

2 Fig. 8 shows diagrammatically the cooperation of a jet opening withthe diverting means;

Fig. 9 shows a modied embodiment of the cen- `tral member of thespraying device having a speed regulating device built into said member,this figure being a section along the line IX-IX of Fig. 10;

Fig. 10 shows the same device in section along the line X-X of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 12;

Fig. 12 shows the spraying device'from above l with a modified speedregulating device, one por tion of the former device being removed toshow underlying parts;

Fig. 13 shows in plan view a further embodiment of the spraying device;

Fig. 14 shows the central member of the spraying device in a verticalsection along the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 16;

Fig. 15 is a section along the line XV-XV of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a section along the line XVI- XVI of Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 shows a section through the jet head along the line XVII- XVIIof Fig. 18; and

Fig. 18 shows the jet head from above, partly in section along the lineXVIII-XVIII of Fig. 17.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, I 0 designates the casing of the dishwashing receptacle having a base II and cover I2. In this embodiment aspraying device designated generally by I3 is located at the base of thereceptacle and another on the cover I2. The spraying device is rotatablymounted on the base and cover respectively of the apparatus. Member I4contains an inlet channel I5for the Washing water supplied through thev'conduits I 6, I'I and I8, which in known manner communicate witha mainsupply conduit or with a pump (not shown) for the machine. The'conduitI6 which supplies water to the cover spraying device, is in known mannerformed with a hinge I9, so that the cover of the apparatus may be openedand closed in spite of the rigid conduit connected thereto.

The receptacle contains, between thetwo spraying devices, a wire base 20and a frame 2| for the dishes or the like. An outlet conduit for theused washing liquid is shown at 22.

In the embodiments of the spraying device shown more in detail in Figs.3-12, an S-shaped support 23 is mounted on the member I4 which is formedwith agjournal 24 (Fig. 3) at its face directed inwardly 'of thereceptacle. The device for changing thev direction of the jet,hereinafter termed diverting means is formed on the support 23. In theembodiments illustrated, such means consist of two series of groovesdisposed on the two limbs of the support. In the center of and above thesupport is arranged a jet head 26, in which nozzles 21 cooperating withthe diverting means 25 are provided. This jet head 26, which is ofcylindrical shape, is 'rotatably mounted betweena guide washer 28 and aguide screw 29, the latter itself being also shaped as a guide washer.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the two nozzles 27 opentangentially from 'a circular bore 30 formed in the jet head,v said borecommunicating 'with the inlet channel l5 through a T-shaped channel 3lformed in the screw 29. The grooves 25 provided on the- S-shaped support23 are directed so that the longitudinal axis of each groove, as seen4in plan in Fig. 4, points towards the inner end of the axis of thenozzle.

.As the axis of each nozzle is tangential relatively to the bore 30 ofthe jet head 26, the axis 'of each groovewill also be tangentialrelatively to said bore, as illustrated by the dotted line 32 in Fig, 4.

In the arrangement of the grooves 25 illustrated in Fig, 6, thelongitudinal axis ofl each groove lies in a vertical plane, while in thearrangement shown in Fig.' 7, the grooves 25 are inclined to thevertical. The grooves arranged on one half of the support 23 areinclined so as to direct the jets issuing from said grooves inwardlytowards a plane passing'through thecaxis of rotation'parallel to thedirection ofthe jet entering said grooves, while the grooves arranged-on the vother half of the; support are inclined so as to direct thejetissui'ng therefrom outwardly from said plane. Such a plane P, whichpasses :through the axis of rotation and is parallel to the direction ofthe jet 32issuing from'one of the nozzles 2'! at a particular instant,is indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 4. The grooves on one'- half ofthe support 23 are inclined so that the jets emerging from the grooves,at a particular instant like that indicated-in Fig. 4; are inclined in adirection toward the plane P; and the grooves on the other halfof thesupport are inclined so that the jets emerging'from the'grooves, at aparticular instant likethatindicated in Fig. 4, are inclined in adirection from the; plane'P.-v

The result is that also in thosel positions of the jet head 2S whereintheet issuingfrom vthe noze zles 21 vis directed. parallelv to thosesurface-s of the dishes which are to be treated, for example, the twofaces'of a number of plates stacked behind one another, these surfaces Awill be impacted bythe jets deiiectediby the diverting means at an anglesuch 'that the cleansingeffect 'of .the vjets is eiiiciently utilizedif:

As shown in' Figs; 6 and?, the'jcrossisection of the grooves at theirbase is 'semi-circular vand their walls exten-d parallel' to oneanother,4 the wall spacing being accommodated to the dimensions of thenozzles 2l and the grooves also loeing shaped that the liquid will leavethe groove in the form of a non-spreading jet, that is distinct from aspray. They are made so as to have the same radius of curvature inradial cross sec-` tion, as seen in Fig. 5, but comprise arcs of dif-`ferent length, as indicated in Figs. This is effected by forming theoutlet edge, at the regions the jets emerge from the groove as anundulating line (Figs. 3, 6 and 7). j To obtain .further varie tions ofthe angle ofthe issuing jets the undulating lines of thetwo series ofgroovesarranged on the support are formed so as to be relativelydisplaced, so that any two grooves, symmetrically located relatively tothe center of rotation, are of diiierent heights.

In the diagram of Fig. 8, the nozzle corresponds to the jet head withits jet openings 2 and the guiding means 25 shown correspond toimaginary j sections throughdiiferent grooves, one lbeing located atthelowest point of the undulating line, another between the lowest and thehighest point of the said line and the third at its highest point. Aswill be-seen, the lower portion of each groove is directed towards theincoming jets. The directions of the issuing jets, produced in thedifferentv cases of the selected example are also indicated, from whichwill be seen that due to the differing lengths o the arcs, the jetsissue at different angles, some being diverted through more than I Thedevice operatesin the following manner.

i If washing water is supplied to thechannel I5,

either froma water conduit or from a pump forming part of thedishwashing apparatus, it flows through the channel 3l to the bore 30 andthe nozzles 2. The jets issuing therefrom will `impact the grooves onthe support, so that the latter, due to the applied pressure, isA causedvto rotate. Simultaneously, the jet head 25 will rotate in the oppositedirection due to the reactive pressure. During rotation the jets issuingfrom the nozzles will successively hit the different grooves and willthere be deected towards the dishes in different directions. Since thesupport with the grooves extending alongl the same, as shown in Fig. 2,stretches to the vicinity of the ywalls of the receptacle, the jets thusdeiiectedv will also be directed towards the dishes from a large numberof different points in the receptacle. It is clear that by providing aspraying device which is arranged centrally of the apparatus, the disheswill be sprayednot only with jets directed obliquely outwardly fromthecenter, but also with jets directed obliquely inwardly from theoutside, as indicated by the deected jets 32' ifi-Fig. 8. Figs. 9 and 10show a further embodiment of jet head, modified for manufacturingproduction, which differs from the above described, mainly by beingprovided with a devicefor regulating the speed of rotation. v In thiscase'the rotating mem'- bergenerally designated bj1-25', and mountedbetween the guide washer 28 and the-guide screw 29', comprises twohalves 4Q positioned relatively to each other by guide pins 4| and heldtogether by screws 42. Between these two halves a centrifugal regulator,of known type, is arranged. It consists of two weights 43, mounted topivot about the axes Hand counterbalanced by springs d5. .In .thisconstructiomthe two weights vs -and the Asprings. 45.. are. dimensioned.so that, lat the maximum allowed speed,l the weights swing outwardly andabut againsta stationary edge 46 of the guidescrew 29 and thus act asbrake blocks. rEhe nozzle openings 2l formed in the halves in this casecomprise separate nozzles 47 screwed into the dividing plane of thehalves, `the said nozzles being in known manner formed so as to producea non-spreading jet.

'Figs l-l and l2 show another modification of the spraying device whichdiffers from those hereinbefore described by being provided with ahydraulic brake for regulating the speed 0f rotation. 'I he brakeconsists `of a. gear wheel pump of known type, the outlet of whichisthrottled, as willbe explained presently. Thecentermember i4" is formedwith a toothed rim 50, which co-v acts with two gear wheels 5I, mountedin a chamber 52, in the support 23" where they are retained by a cover53. 'Ihe washing water is supplied to this pump from the washingreceptacle through a channel 54 opening in the vicinity of the jet headand is discharged through leakages formed between the brake parts whichinherently serves as a throttled outlet. Accordingly, by varying theextent and magnitude of such leakage which can take place, the brakingaction of the pump may be increased or decreased by variation of theresistance to flow of kthe water therethrough. In this. device, the

water itself serves as the braking medium.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 13 to 18, the spraying device, as inthe Aprevious figures is designated generally by I3 and the support by23"', the latter being provided with three arms. The jet divertinggrooves 25 of one of these arms extend vertically as shown in Fig. 6,the grooves 25 of another of the arms extend at an inclination as shownin Fig. 7 and the grooves 25' of the third arm are inclined in theopposite direction as above described in connection with Fig. 7. In thecenter of the support, the jet head 26" is mounted in the inlet channelI5 of the center member I4".

The jet head consists of two halves 60 and 6I which are held together byscrews 62. In the dividing plane of the halves there are three channels63 which communicate with the inlet channel l5. In the mouth of thechannels 63 nozzles 41 are inserted, as in the embodiment shown in Figs,9 and 10. A spindle 64 is fixed to .the upper half 6i) of the jet headand rigidly carries a ring 65 at its lower end. This ring 65 and a wellformed in the lower jet head half 6| form together a bearing for the jethead in the inlet channel. This bearing is constructed so that theliquid pressure will not cause displacement of the jet head 25" sincethe pressure acting on the ring 65 is equal to the pressure on the lowerjet head half 6| The spindle 64 is provided with a bore A$7 in order todrain any leakage water 4from the underside of the ring 65.

The lower half 6l of the jet head carries a gear wheel 58 cooperatingwith two gear wheels 69 mounted on a bracket 'l0 rigidly connected tothe center member |4", to form a planetary gearing together with a ringgear H associated 4with `an hydraulic brake housing l2. The brake4housing 'i2 is connected to the support 23' by means of screws 73 andtakes part in the rotation of the support, so that the abovementionedgearing thus controls the relative movement ofl the support and the jethead. The main parts of the abovementioned brake comprise the brakehousing 12, a blade holder 14, six blades 15 and a vcover 16. The inlet.of the brake consists of 'a' narrow channel i drilled obliquely in theupper side of the housing and communicating with the washing receptaclein the vicinity of the jet head.

The blade holder 'i4 is rigidly connected to the center member l4 bymeans of a projection 18 or the like. The blades which are guidedradially by grooves 'i9 Vin the holder 'M are caused to abut permanentlyagainst the outer surface of the housing 'l2 by means of a cylindricalcam til formed on the cover 'i6 and concentric with the outer Wallsurface of the housing.

If washing liquid is supplied to the channel l5 iit will ow to thenozzle openings 2l. The support 23' is thus caused to rotate in aclockwise directionand the jet head 26"' in counterclocl 4wisedirection. Due .to the washing liquid nowing from the receptacle intothe brake through the channel 1'! the brake will retard the rotation ofthe support and by means of the gearing also that of the jet head. As inthe previously described embodiment of Figs. 11 and 12, leakage formedbetween the brake parts inherently function as a throttled outlet.Hence, the braking force is determined by the tightness of thehydraulicbrake, so that the tighter the brake is, the slower is the rotation. Apredetermined clearance is thus necessary between the blades l5 and thehousing 'I2 of the brake according to the desired speed of rotation.

Although the invention has been fully described in connection withseveral illustrated embodiments, it is obvious that its application andits details may be varied. For example.' the jet head and/or the jetdiverting devices may be positively driven from a separate drivingmotor, or one of them may be driven by the washing Water and the otherby suitable gearing from the former, if desired, against the directionof the jet forces, so as to obtain an increased impinging force of thejet. If desired, the jet head and the spraying device may rotate in thesame direction at different angular speeds. In the case of a positivedrive the jet channels may be arranged radially in the jet head.

In view of the foregoing, it will now be understood that an improveddishwashing apparatus has been provided in which each rotatable jet head26 in the embodiment of Figs. l to 6 constitutes a nozzle structurehaving an opening for discharging liquid therefrom in a horizontalplane. The S-shaped support 23 constitutes a liquid dei'iecting ordiverting unit arranged to be acted upon by liquid issuing from thenozzle openings 21 for directing liquid toward diierent parts of a batchof dishes adapted to be washed in the receptacle lll.

In the preferred embodiments of the invention the nozzle structure 26rotates in one direction by the reaction force developed by thedischarged liquid and the liquid deleeting or diverting unit 23 rotatesin the opposite direction by the impact for-ce of the discharged liquidacting thereon. Accordingly, an arrangement has been provided in whichthe nozzle structure 26 moves with respect to the liquid defiecting unit23 and the liquid deecting unit moves with respect to the nozzlestructure 25. Also, in the preferred embodiments the iixed or stationaryaxis about which the nozzle structure 26 rotates is parallel to and inthe immediate Vicinity of the iixed or stationary axis of rotation ofthe liquid deecting unit 23; and each liquid deflecting unit ro,- tatesin a horizontal plane which is substantially parallel to and in theimmediate vicinity of the horizontal plane in which liquid is dischargedfrom the nozzle structure 25.

Essentially, the rotatable liquid deectingunit 23 comprises theangularly movable arms which provide a surface that passes and movesthrough a given area during its rotation and difrerent groove portions25 of which are operable in succession at different distances from thenozzle openings 2i and at different regions in such area to change thedirection or" liquiddischarged from the nozzle openings in amultiplicity of directions at different acute angles to the horizontalplane in which liquid is discharged from the nozzle structure 2F, asdiagrammatically seen in amar-er to. suchstarting` point during onerevolution and the liquid deecting unit likewise moves in its path ofmovement from a starting point back to such starting point, liquid isdeflected inthe general direction in which the axis of rotation of thenozzle structure 26 extends, the liquid being deflected from certainregions of the deflecting unit 23 in a radially inward direction andfrom other regions in a radially outward direction, as alsodiagrammatically seen. in Fig. 8.

During rotation of each nozzle structure 25, the openings 21 therein areconstantly discharging liquid in diiierent radiallyv extendingdirections. The liquid deiiecting units. are formed with grooves toprovide surface characteristics in which deected liquid leaves thedeflecting units in the form of a compact liquid jet. As best seen inFig. 4, axes of the liquid inflow ends of the grooves or passages 25 andthe axes of the nozzle openings 2l' are substantially tangential to thesame circle whose center is located at the axis of rotation of thenozzle structure 26.

It will now be understood that the liquid deflecting unit 23 constitutesa rotatable'liquid diverter having a body including a central hubsection and arms 23 extending radially outward therefrom. Each arm 23 ofthe liquid diverter body includes a first region 25a having portions. asindicated at 25h, 25e and 25ct in Fig. 4, for example, at successivelydifferent radial distances from the axis of rotation of the diverter,which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from the openings 21of the nozzle. Further, each arm 23 of the liquid diverter body includesa second region, indicated at' 25e in Fig. 4, to which liquid passesfrom the first region 25a and from which second region diverted liquidemerges and is directed. toward the dishes to be washed.' The second.region 25e of each arm 23 includes liquid emerging portions atsuccessively different radial distances fromv the axis of rotation ofthe liquid diverter body which are respectively inclined radiallyoutward from and radially inward toward the axis of rotation of theliquid diverter body.

While the grooves 25 essentially have the same radius of curvature, thelengths of different grooves vary, as best seen in Figs. 6 and 7, thelengths of the grooves extending through angles in a range which` variesfrom a value below to a value above 90. Further, the grooves 25desirably are formed with semi-circular bottoms and substantiallyparallel walls. As described above in connection with the embodiments ofFigs. ll and l2 and also Figs. 13 to 18, it is desirable to embodyprovisions to govern the'maximum speed of the liquid deflecting unit 23so that the force of. the deflected liquid jets will, not be undulyimpaired.

Although I have illustrated and described particular embodiments of myinvention, I do not desire to be limited to the particular arrangementsset forth, and I intend in the following claims to cover allmodifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of myinvention.

I claim:

l. In dishwashing apparatus, jet producing means having a plurality ofopenings for discharging jets therefrom and movable by the reactionforce developed by the jets, rotatable jet defiecting means for changingthe direction of the jets comprising a body including a plurality ofcurved arms extending radially outward. from the axisabout which ityrotates, each of saidy arms having a series of grooves disposedalongside one Cil 8` another and shaped to. keep the. liquid'essentially in the form ofjets when leaving; the grooves in each seriesone. after another and while the direction of the jets is being changedby the latter, and said body being movable by the impact forces of thejets on said arms;

2. In dishwashing apparatus, jet producing means having an opening fordischargingv a jet therefrom and rotatable in one direction by thereaction force developed by the jet, rotatable jet deflecting means forchanging the direction of the jet comprising a body including a memberextending radially outward from the axis about which it rotates,saidmember` having a series of grooves disposed alongside one anotherand shaped to keep thev liquid essentially in the form of a jet whenleaving the grooves in said series one after another andY while thedirection of the jet is being changed by the grooves, and said bodybeing rotatable in the opposite direction by the impact force of thejeton said member.

3. In dishwashing apparatus, structure including rotatable jet producingmeans having an opening for discharging a liquid jet therefrom androtatable jet deecting means for changing the direction of the jetcomprising a body including a member extending radially outward from theaxis about which it rotates, said structure including provisions forvrotating said jet producing means with respect to said jet deflectingmeans and for rotating said jet deflecting means with respect to saidjet producing means, and said member having a series of grooves disposedalongside one another and shaped to keep the liquid essentially in theform of a jet when leaving the grooves in said series one after anotherand while the direction of the jet is being changed by the grooves.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which said grooves are disposedon a side of said member facing dishes adapted to be washed. saidgrooves having different lengths and being curved to change thedirection of the jet, the lengths of said grooves extending throughangles in a range which varies from a value below toa value above 5.Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which said grooves have liquidinlet ends, the axis of the jet opening and axis of the inlet ends ofsaid grooves being substantially tangent to the same circle whose centeris located substantially at the axis of rotation of said jet producingmeans.

6. In dishwashing apparatus, structure comprising a rotatable nozzlehaving an opening for discharging liquid radially outward therefrom anda rotatable liquid. diverter, the axes of vrotation Vof said nozzle andsaid diverter being substantially the same, said structure includingprovisions for rotating said nozzle with respect to said diverter andfor rotating said diverter with respect to said nozzle, said divertercomprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directionstoward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a rst regionhaving portions at successively different radial distances from the axisof rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by liquiddischarged from said nozzle during rotation thereof, said body includinga second region to which liquid passes from said first region and fromwhich diverted liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, andsaid second region also having portions at. successively` different.radial distances from the. axis of rotation of lsaid diverter andincluding portions respectively inclined radially outward from andradially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverter, saidportions of said second region at successively different radialdistances from thel axis of rotation of said diverter being inclined atdifferent acute angles to such axis.

7. In dishwashing apparatus, rotatable jet producing means having anopening for discharging a liquid jet radially outward therefrom andmovable in one direction by the reaction force developed by the jet, arotatable liquid diverter movable in the opposite direction by theimpact force of the jet acting thereon, the axes of rotation of said jetproducing means and said diverter being substantially the same, saiddiverter comprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity ofdirections toward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including afirst region having portions at successively different radial distancesfrom the axis of rotation of said diverter which are initially impingedby the liquid jet discharged from said nozzle during rotation thereof,said body including a second region to which liquid passes from saidfirst region and from which diverted liquid is directed toward thedishes to be washed, and said second region also having portions atsuccessively different radial distances from the axis of rotation ofsaid diverter and including portions inclined radially outward from theaxis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis andalso including portions inclined radially inward toward the axis ofrotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in which movement is imparted tosaid rotatable diverter by the impact force of the jet acting thereon,and structure operatively connected to said diverter for braking themovement imparted thereto by the jet.

9. In dishwashing apparatus, structure comprising a rotatable nozzlehaving an opening for discharging liquid radially outward therefrom anda rotatable liquid diverter, the axes of rotation of said nozzle andsaid diverter being substantially the saine, said structure includingprovisions for rotating said nozzle with respect to said diverter andfor rotating said diverter with respect to said nozzle, said divertercomprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directionstoward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a rst regionhaving portions at successively diierent radial distances from the axisof rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by liquiddischarged from said nozzle during rotation thereof, said body includinga second region to Which liquid passes from said first region and fromwhich diverted liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, andsaid second region having portions at successively different radialdistances from the axis of rotation of said diverter and includingportions inclined radially outward from the axis of rotation of saiddiverter and at an acute angle to such axis and also including portionsinclined radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverterand at an acute angle to such axis.

i0. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said body includes aseries of channels disposed alongside one another at successivelydifferent radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter,said channels having portions consti- 10 tuting the rst region of saidbody which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzleand also having portions constituting the second region or" said bodyfrom Which liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, the axisof the nozzle opening and axes of the portions of the channels initiallyimpinged by liquid discharged from the nozzle being substantiallytangent to the same circle whose center is located substantially at theaxis of rotation of said nozzle.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said nozzle comprisesstructure having a plurality of openings for discharging liquid radiallyoutward therefrom in the form of jets and said diverter comprises aplurality of radially extending members, each of said members beingacted upon by the liquid jet discharged from each nozzie opening andconstituting a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directionstoward the dishes to be Washed.

12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said body includes aseries of grooves disposed alongside one another at successivelydifferent radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter,said grooves having portions constituting the rst region of said bodywhich are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzle andalso having portions constituting the second region of said body fromwhich liquid is directed toward the dishes to be Washed.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12 in which grooves in said seriesare curved in the direction of their length and have essentially thesame radius of curvature and different arc lengths of which sonie aregreater and some are less than 14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 13 inwhich the portions of said grooves constituting the second region ofsaid body form an undulated line.

15. fn dishwashing apparatus, rotatable jet producing means having aplurality of openings for discharging liquid jets radially outwardtherefrom and movable in one direction by the reaction force developedby the jets, a rotatable liquid diverter movable in the oppositedirection by the impact forces of the jets acting thereon, said divertercomprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directionstoward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a plurality ofcurved arms extending radially outward from the axis of rotation of saiddiverter, each arm having a series of open grooves alongside one anotherwhich face the dishes to be washed, said grooves having liquid receivingregions at successively different radial distances from the axis ofrotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by the liquidjets during rotation of said jet producing means, and said grooveshaving liquid discharge regions to which liquid passes from said liquidreceiving regions and from which the diverted liquid is dischargedtoward the dishes to be washed, the liquid discharge regions of saidgrooves being at successively different radial distances from the axisof rotation of said diverter and including liquid discharge regionsinclined radially outward from the axis of rotation of said diverter andat an acute angle thereto and also including liquid discharge regionsinclined radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverterand at an acute angle thereto, said grooves being shaped to dischargeliquid therefrom in the form of jets.

JOHAN FREDRIK ROBERT KARLSTRM.

(References on following page) References VCited in the le of thispatent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Campbell Dec. 2, 1913 5Zeyssoii Mar. 3, 1914 MacLachlan Sept. 18, 1923 Bassler Nov. 10, 1925Gibney Aug. 2, 1927 Merseles Nov. 26, 1929 Pauly Oct. 25, 1932 PrestonMay 23, 1939 Number 2,195,615

Number 12 V Name Date Chamberlin Apr. 2, 1940 Preston Nov. 5, 1940Strawn Dec. 24, 1940 Yocken Apr. 20, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country DateGreat Britain Mar. 19, 1925 Germany Oct. 22, 1932 Germany Mar. 1, 1939

